Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) occurs due to the gradual decline in kidney function. It is characterized by the progressive reduction of organic biochemical function and secondary physiological functions due to the accumulation of metabolic waste, electrolyte imbalance, acid-base imbalance, reduced blood volume, increased blood potassium and phosphate, anemia, endocrine disorders, hypertrophy of the thyroid, infertility,…
There is a particular emphasis on the benefits of supplementing probiotics in preventing and treating allergies in children. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) define probiotics in allergic Skin Inflammation as “live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits on the host” [1]. Several probiotics are…
Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junctions, leading to the weakness of voluntary muscles (Figure 1). Common symptoms include double vision, drooping eyelids, facial and throat muscle weakness, and overall fatigue [1]. MG patients lose natural muscle control, experiencing varying muscle weakness and fatigue. While there is no cure for MG, treatment…
Ischemic heart disease (IHD), a life-threatening cardiac condition characterized by lessened blood and oxygen supply to the heart, which is the principal component of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), may lead to heart failure and myocardial infarction (MI) [1]. It is the major cause of death in urbanized nations and contributes significantly to the disease burden in…
Kidney disease is a common health problem. The World Health Organization has estimated that approximately 5 to 10 million people die annually from kidney diseases worldwide [1]. By 2040, it projected chronic kidney disease to be the fifth leading cause of death [2]. The number of patients with chronic renal failure is increasing, as well…
Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, affecting 1% of the population worldwide after age 60 [1,2]. It poses a significant problem in aging societies [3,4]. The progressive loss of functions of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the central nervous system characterizes Parkinson’s disease. Typical symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are slow…
